《知己知彼·理性投资》系列第2期：常见的三种金融产品

Group 1: Stocks - Stocks are a type of security representing ownership in a company, allowing shareholders to receive dividends and participate in company decisions while also bearing associated risks [3][4]. - The main characteristics of stocks include: - Profitability derived from dividends and trading price differences [5]. - Price volatility and risk, with greater uncertainty leading to higher investment risk [5]. - Liquidity, which varies by stock type and market conditions [6]. - Permanence, as stocks represent a long-term investment without a maturity date [6]. - Participation rights in corporate governance for common stockholders [6]. Group 2: Securities Investment Funds - Securities investment funds are collective investment tools that primarily invest in liquid financial securities like stocks and bonds, managed by professional institutions [7]. - Key features of securities investment funds include: - Collective management of investor funds by professionals, enhancing investment efficiency [8]. - Risk diversification through investment in multiple securities [11]. - Profit sharing and risk sharing among investors based on their holdings [11]. - Strict regulatory oversight and transparency in information disclosure [11]. - Independent custody of fund assets to ensure safety [11]. Group 3: Bonds - Bonds are securities that represent a loan made by an investor to a borrower, with a promise of periodic interest payments and principal repayment at maturity [10][12]. - The main characteristics of bonds include: - Repayment terms that specify the timeline for interest and principal payments [15]. - Liquidity, which depends on market conditions and the ease of converting bonds to cash [15]. - Safety, as bondholders typically receive stable returns, although risks exist regarding issuer default and market price fluctuations [15]. - Profitability through interest income, trading price differences, and reinvestment of interest [15].