从“吃电”到“反哺”，电动汽车可成为家庭的“电力银行”？专家：2030年前我国V2G车辆年销量有望过千万辆

Core Insights - V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid) is expected to become a significant phenomenon in China's electric vehicle industry, with annual sales of V2G vehicles projected to exceed 10 million by 2030, potentially mirroring the development trajectory of the photovoltaic industry in China [1][8] Industry Trends - The interest in V2G technology is increasing, with 92 pilot projects globally across 22 countries, primarily in Europe and North America, involving major automakers like BMW, Renault, and Mitsubishi [2] - In China, nine cities have been selected for the first batch of V2G pilot projects, including Shanghai and Guangzhou, as part of a national initiative to promote V2G applications [2] Technological Developments - The next three years are deemed critical for V2G technology, focusing on advancements in power semiconductor devices, battery health assessment algorithms, and open communication protocols between vehicles and charging stations [2] - Domestic automakers like BYD and NIO are actively developing V2G capabilities, with BYD participating in grid peak-shaving projects and NIO exploring integrated charging and battery swapping models [3] Application Scenarios - V2G applications have broad potential across various sectors, including residential, transportation, and industrial areas, with significant opportunities for integration [4] - The lithium iron phosphate batteries used in vehicles can cycle up to 3,000 times, allowing for substantial energy storage and potential earnings from energy trading [4][5] Commercialization Challenges - The commercialization of V2G faces two main bottlenecks: high equipment costs and the lack of a warranty system, which may deter user participation [6] - Different application scenarios present unique challenges, such as unclear standards for energy measurement and settlement in private settings, and compatibility issues in multi-brand charging stations [6] Future Projections - By 2027, it is anticipated that over half of the vehicles on sale in China will be equipped with V2G technology, with a significant increase in policy support across 70% of regions [8] - The market for V2G vehicles is expected to grow rapidly, with projections indicating that annual sales could approach 2 million by 2027 and exceed 10 million by 2030 [8]