联合国贸发会议发布报告指出——国际航运在经历波动中保持前行

Core Insights - The UN Conference on Trade and Development's 2025 report highlights the increasing challenges and opportunities in international shipping, emphasizing the industry's overall progress despite volatility [1] Challenges Faced by the Shipping Industry - Geopolitical instability and trade policy uncertainty are significant challenges, with regional conflicts disrupting shipping routes and rising protectionism leading to supply chain interruptions and increased transportation costs [1] - The report mentions the U.S. Trade Representative's announcement of port fees for certain vessels docking at U.S. ports, particularly affecting Chinese-owned or operated ships, which may impact shipping trade flows, service demand, fleet capacity, and port configurations [1] - Environmental changes and compliance with sustainability requirements are intensifying pressures on the industry, with new regulations like the International Maritime Organization's net-zero emissions framework posing both long-term transformation opportunities and short-term technical and cost challenges [1] - Rapid advancements in technology and digital transformation introduce new risks, including cybersecurity threats, while labor shortages and skill gaps hinder the long-term sustainability of the shipping sector [1] Opportunities for Growth - Emerging trade routes and key mineral trades present new opportunities for the shipping industry, as developing countries enhance their roles in global trade and improve logistics systems to facilitate trade [2] - The low-carbon transition in shipping, driven by new regulations, is expected to create growth opportunities through the adoption of alternative fuels such as liquefied natural gas, methanol, and ammonia, along with the development of related infrastructure [2] - Digitalization and automation are set to revolutionize the shipping industry, with automated ports improving efficiency and safety, while smart vessels utilizing AI and IoT technologies enhance navigation and environmental performance, creating new market demands [2] Recommendations for Sustainable Development - The report suggests strengthening international cooperation to address geopolitical risks and trade protectionism, supporting multilateral trade systems, and promoting regional economic integration to create a more stable trade environment [3] - Emphasis is placed on sustainable development, advocating for the low-carbon transition of vessels, the use of alternative fuels, and the establishment of green ports to enhance energy efficiency and reduce emissions [3] - The need for improved cybersecurity measures to protect against data breaches and cyberattacks is highlighted, alongside the promotion of digital transformation in shipping through smart vessels, ports, and supply chains [3]