海洋生态环境面临诸多挑战，多方呼吁构建保护治理大格局

Core Viewpoint - The 2025 Marine Protection Conference emphasizes the need for collective action from society to address severe challenges facing marine ecosystems, including overfishing, pollution, and rising sea levels [1][2]. Group 1: Marine Environmental Challenges - The marine ecosystem is severely damaged, posing direct threats to human survival and development [2]. - Current measures have led to historical changes in marine ecological environment, but significant issues remain, such as high pollution levels in certain coastal areas and the instability of existing remediation efforts [1][5]. - The "Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework" aims for 30% of marine areas to be effectively protected by 2030, but progress is slow, with only 9.7% expected to be protected [2]. Group 2: Government Initiatives and Achievements - From 2016 to 2023, the central government invested 25.258 billion yuan in 175 major marine ecological protection projects across 11 coastal provinces, restoring nearly 1,680 kilometers of coastline and over 750,000 acres of coastal wetlands [5]. - The overall water quality of nearshore marine areas remains stable, with 83.7% classified as good quality [5]. - The government aims for 83% of nearshore water quality to be good by 2027 and to establish a "harmonious human-water" beautiful bay by 2035 [5]. Group 3: Collaborative Efforts and Future Directions - The conference calls for a comprehensive governance framework that integrates land and sea management, regional collaboration, and departmental coordination [6]. - Emphasis is placed on enhancing marine ecological culture and legal frameworks to support sustainable marine development [6]. - The development of green industries along the coast is encouraged to support the transition to sustainable marine resource utilization [7].