可控核聚变开启“中国速度” 三大设备实现重大突破

Core Insights - China's controllable nuclear fusion research has accelerated, achieving significant breakthroughs in 2025, coinciding with the conclusion of the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the fifth anniversary of the "dual carbon" goals [1][10] Group 1: Major Breakthroughs in Nuclear Fusion Technology - Three major devices in China's nuclear fusion sector have achieved significant breakthroughs since 2025, including the "East Super Ring" achieving a world record of 1,066 seconds of steady-state operation at 100 million degrees Celsius [3] - The "Chinese Circulation No. 3" achieved a "double hundred degree" operation with atomic nucleus temperature at 117 million degrees and electron temperature at 160 million degrees [3] - The "Xuanlong-50U" experimental device became the first in the world to achieve a million ampere hydrogen-boron plasma discharge and set an international record for magnetic field conditions above 1.2T in seconds [3][6] Group 2: Domestic Innovation and Localization - The "Xuanlong-50U" device has achieved 100% localization, marking a significant milestone in China's nuclear fusion capabilities [5][8] - The device's components, including microwave heating, vacuum chamber, magnets, diagnostics, and detectors, are all domestically produced, eliminating reliance on imports [8] Group 3: Strategic Industry Development - China's nuclear fusion sector is advancing through multiple exploration routes, with institutions like the Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Nuclear Corporation focusing on the "deuterium-tritium" route, while New Energy Group is pursuing the "hydrogen-boron" route for cost and efficiency [10] - The hydrogen-boron route is favored due to the abundance and low cost of its components, which allows for cheaper electricity generation from fusion [10] Group 4: Collaborative Ecosystem and Government Support - New Energy Group is building a global fusion research ecosystem, collaborating with national research institutes and universities, and engaging with 75 partners across four continents [14] - Local governments are enhancing the nuclear fusion industry layout, with initiatives such as Shanghai's future industry fund and Sichuan's focus on nurturing the entire supply chain [14] - The development of controllable nuclear fusion is seen as crucial for humanity's clean energy future and global competitiveness, with expectations for more enterprises and research institutions to join the effort [14]