多位外籍院士前瞻合成生物“新纪元”： 规模化并非最大挑战，再生医学最值得期待

Core Insights - The discussion at the 2025 Pujiang Innovation Forum highlighted the core challenges and breakthrough strategies in the field of synthetic biology, which is seen as a disruptive field with a broad future [2][3] Challenges and Breakthroughs - The main challenge in synthetic biology is the complexity and uncertainty of biological systems, which requires an engineering approach to design life [3] - Key issues include stability during scaling processes, energy consumption of cell factories, and the lack of predictive design tools [3] - Current advancements in biological development processes, such as using engineered yeast in traditional industrial platforms, face fundamental challenges in strain engineering and construction models [3] - The need to address stability issues during strain expansion immediately rather than waiting until scaling is crucial for successful engineering [3] Perspectives on Scaling - The perception that scaling challenges in synthetic biology are exaggerated is noted, with emphasis on the high costs associated with scaling processes [4] - Solutions should focus on optimizing laboratory conditions to ensure that microbial performance in lab settings translates to scaled production [4] - The comparison of costs between synthetic biology and chemical products should be made on a fair basis, considering sustainability and environmental benefits [4] Global Collaboration and Market Entry - Collaboration between global synthetic biology technologies and Chinese factories is essential for achieving scalable progress [5] - China's stable policy environment, reliable competition, and the technical background of policymakers contribute to a favorable landscape for synthetic biology projects [5] - Scientists must have a long-term vision when commercializing disruptive technologies, considering distribution and sales alongside product development [6] Future Outlook - Synthetic biology is expected to make specialty chemicals more accessible and competitively priced, with localized production becoming more feasible [6][7] - The potential of synthetic biology in regenerative medicine is significant, offering solutions for chronic diseases and promoting healthier lifestyles through preventive measures [7]