如何推动国资央企高质量发展？专家给出了如下建议

Core Viewpoint - The key breakthrough for promoting high-quality development of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) lies in "classified reform" [1][2][3] Group 1: High-Quality Development Goals - State-owned enterprises are seen as the "ballast stone" of the national economy and the "main force" in building a modern industrial system [1] - The focus is on enhancing core functions and competitiveness to support stable economic operation and meet the needs of people's lives [1] - The "Five Values" will guide SOEs towards higher quality and more sustainable development [2] Group 2: Reform Strategies - Reform should be categorized based on the nature of products and industry characteristics, adopting differentiated models for different types of SOEs [1] - Emphasis on independent operation in natural monopoly sectors and market-oriented reforms in competitive sectors, including mixed-ownership reforms [1][2] - The need for a modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics to be classified and improved [1][3] Group 3: Innovation and Value Creation - SOEs should focus on enhancing value creation capabilities, with technology innovation as a driving force [2] - The integration of technology and industry innovation is crucial for transforming scientific achievements into productive forces [1][2] - The establishment of a robust mechanism for technological innovation within SOEs is essential for developing new productive forces [3] Group 4: Governance and Management - Effective governance is central to improving the modern enterprise system, with a focus on clarifying decision-making boundaries and enhancing the role of party organizations [6] - The governance reform should include constraints on major shareholders to protect minority shareholder rights and promote board effectiveness [6] - Digital transformation of corporate governance is necessary, while being cautious of associated risks [6]