德国工业心脏之痛：特朗普关税下，汽车大厂深陷裁员潮

Group 1: Industry Overview - The German automotive industry is facing significant challenges due to a combination of factors including declining sales, rising labor and energy costs, and increased competition from other manufacturers [3][4] - The recent announcement of a 25% tariff on imported heavy trucks by the Trump administration has further exacerbated the situation for German automakers [1][3] - Bosch, Germany's largest automotive parts supplier, announced plans to cut 13,000 jobs over the next five years, signaling a critical moment for the industry [1][6] Group 2: Employment Impact - The German automotive sector has already seen approximately 55,000 job cuts over the past two years, with projections indicating that tens of thousands more jobs could be lost by 2030 [4][5] - Major companies such as Volkswagen, Bosch, ZF Friedrichshafen, Continental, and Audi have announced significant layoffs, with Volkswagen planning to cut 35,000 jobs by 2030 [5][6] - The shift towards electric vehicles is expected to require fewer workers, prompting calls for retraining programs to help displaced workers transition to other sectors [6][8] Group 3: Economic Outlook - A joint economic forecast from five major German economic research institutions predicts that Germany's economy will grow by only 0.2% in 2025, largely due to the impact of U.S. tariffs and structural issues within the manufacturing sector [8][9] - The report highlights that while the service sector is experiencing strong growth, the manufacturing sector's recovery remains weak due to high costs and a lack of structural reforms [8] - The reliance on exports, which has historically been around 70% for Germany, makes the economy particularly vulnerable to external shocks such as tariffs [8][9]