光伏第一省的"红区"烦恼和探索之道

Core Insights - The article highlights the rapid growth of distributed photovoltaic (PV) systems in rural China, particularly in Shandong province, which has the highest installed capacity in the country, but faces challenges related to grid overload and energy consumption efficiency [1][2][4]. Group 1: Current Situation - As of the end of 2024, Shandong's distributed PV installed capacity exceeds 50.2 million kilowatts, maintaining its position as the national leader [2][3]. - Over 150 regions in China are classified as "red zones," indicating that local grids cannot accommodate additional distributed PV projects due to capacity constraints [2][4]. - In Shandong, 53 out of 136 counties are under "restricted" warning levels for low-voltage grid connections, indicating significant challenges in energy consumption [3][4]. Group 2: Challenges - The rapid increase in distributed PV installations has led to issues such as excess generation during peak sunlight hours, resulting in grid overload and safety hazards [4][5]. - The existing grid infrastructure, originally designed for unidirectional flow, is struggling to adapt to the bidirectional flow created by distributed energy sources [4][5]. Group 3: Solutions - Strategies to address the "red zone" crisis include integrating energy storage systems to manage excess generation and enhance grid capacity [5][6]. - The establishment of local consumption scenarios, such as community service facilities utilizing PV energy, can help alleviate pressure on the grid by consuming energy on-site [6][7]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The development of a new electricity ecosystem that includes diverse stakeholders is essential for optimizing distributed energy resources and ensuring efficient consumption [7][8]. - The potential for distributed renewable energy to play a significant role in China's future energy structure is emphasized, particularly in densely populated areas [8][9]. - Long-term solutions involve upgrading rural grid infrastructure and creating market mechanisms for energy trading to facilitate better resource allocation [9].