王一鸣：治理“内卷式”竞争要供需两端协同发力

Core Viewpoint - The governance of "involutionary" competition requires coordinated efforts from both supply and demand sides, focusing on expanding domestic demand to absorb excess capacity and promoting supply-side structural reforms to eliminate outdated capacity [1] Group 1: Market Exit Mechanism - The primary cause of "involutionary" competition is insufficient effective demand at the macro level and an inadequate market exit mechanism at the micro level [2] - Many enterprises face homogeneous products and services, leading to price competition below cost, exacerbating market issues [2] - The current market entry is easy, but exit is difficult, resulting in "zombie" enterprises remaining in the market, which can engage in extreme low-price strategies [2] Group 2: Comprehensive Measures - Governance of "involutionary" competition requires a comprehensive approach, including creating a healthy competitive industrial ecosystem [3] - Emphasis on technological innovation and industrial upgrading to shift competition from price to quality, fostering high-level competition driven by innovation [3] - Establishing quality standards to guide industrial upgrades and converting recommended national standards into mandatory ones to avoid low-end price competition [3] - Enhancing market regulation by refining standards for identifying ultra-low price competition and strengthening price regulation in key industries [3] - Regulating local government behavior to eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation, focusing on optimizing the business environment [3] Group 3: Industry Self-Regulation and Global Expansion - Strengthening industry self-regulation through industry associations to enhance market self-regulation and facilitate capacity reduction [4] - Encouraging enterprises to expand internationally through overseas investment and capacity cooperation to establish a global production network [5]