经济热点问答丨美联邦政府“停摆”如何影响全球市场

Core Insights - The U.S. federal government has entered a shutdown, which is expected to negatively impact both the U.S. economy and global markets, shaking confidence in U.S. economic governance [1] Impact on International Trade - Customs operations will continue, but many technical staff will be on unpaid leave, leading to delays in documentation and inspections, particularly affecting perishable goods and pharmaceuticals [2] - The last shutdown caused a 15% to 20% increase in cargo dwell time at major U.S. ports [2] - Trade merchants will face difficulties in obtaining import and export licenses due to insufficient personnel, halting new certifications and approvals [2] - Potential irreversible job cuts could weaken U.S. consumer demand, impacting European exports, especially for German industrial firms [2] - The delay or cancellation of key economic data releases will create uncertainty for foreign businesses operating in the U.S. market [2] Impact on Financial Markets - The shutdown signals systemic dysfunction and political instability, increasing investor risk aversion and leading to a rise in prices for non-U.S. safe-haven assets like gold [3] - Historical data shows that shutdowns typically lead to a significant increase in market volatility, as indicated by the Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index [3] - The current high valuations in global asset markets leave little room for error, making the shutdown a potential trigger for reduced risk appetite and capital shifts towards commodities [3] - Prolonged shutdowns could further depress the U.S. dollar index and increase volatility in dollar-denominated assets, creating negative ripple effects in global markets [3] Impact on Confidence in the U.S. - The shutdown highlights flaws in the U.S. governance system, undermining global confidence in U.S. economic management [4] - Short-term impacts on U.S. sovereign credit ratings are not expected, but each week of shutdown could reduce GDP by 0.1% to 0.2% [4] - Concerns about U.S. government credibility and fiscal health are heightened, with potential non-linear impacts on the European economy, estimating a loss of €4 billion for two weeks of shutdown and €16 billion for eight weeks [5] - The ongoing situation raises fears about the future direction of the global economy under U.S. hegemony, as political gridlock continues to hinder basic government operations [5]