告别“靠天吃饭” 我国已用上模拟极端宇宙环境的“地面空间站”

Core Viewpoint - The "Ground Space Station," a significant scientific facility in China's aerospace sector, is set to be operational in 2024, providing a comprehensive platform for simulating various space environments and supporting critical research for space missions [3][4][15]. Group 1: Facility Overview - The "Ground Space Station" covers an area nearly equivalent to 50 football fields and is the first large scientific facility in China's aerospace field, constructed over 19 years [3]. - It has achieved international advanced technical standards, with some key technologies being globally leading [3]. - The facility has provided over 60,000 hours of experimental services to domestic and international research teams [3]. Group 2: Research Capabilities - The facility can simulate nine types of space environmental factors, including vacuum, radiation, and weak magnetic fields, to study their effects on materials, devices, systems, and living organisms [3]. - Researchers are exploring the impact of near-zero magnetic fields on biological activities using various samples, achieving a magnetic field environment 500,000 times weaker than outer space [4][6]. - The facility includes a large vacuum simulation chamber that can recreate the plasma environment of Earth's magnetosphere, allowing scientists to study solar storm impacts [8][10]. Group 3: Technological Innovations - The facility has overcome 15 key core technologies, including zero magnetic field analysis and multi-environment factor simulation [13]. - A high-speed dust accelerator can propel space dust at speeds of 70 kilometers per second, simulating impacts to enhance the durability of spacecraft [12]. - The facility has supported major national aerospace projects, including the Chinese space station and lunar exploration missions, facilitating the development of over 2,000 domestic aerospace components [15]. Group 4: Historical Context - The "Ground Space Station" builds on the legacy of earlier projects like the KM6, which was crucial for China's manned spaceflight and lunar exploration efforts [18][20]. - The project faced significant challenges, including technological blockades and material shortages, leading to a commitment to develop domestic capabilities [20][22]. - The dedication of the research team has been pivotal in achieving significant milestones in China's aerospace development [24][27].