Core Points - The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Shimon Sakaguchi and two American scientists for their discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance [1][2] - This recognition highlights the importance of immune system regulation in preventing autoimmune diseases while combating pathogens [2][3] Group 1: Research Findings - The research revealed key mechanisms by which the immune system avoids attacking its own tissues, paving the way for new treatments for autoimmune diseases, cancer, and organ transplantation [2][4] - Sakaguchi discovered a previously unrecognized subset of T cells, challenging the traditional view that immune tolerance is achieved solely through the elimination of abnormal T cells in the thymus [2][3] Group 2: Clinical Applications - Despite the groundbreaking discoveries, the transition to clinical applications remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of human diseases and the heterogeneity of regulatory T cells [4][5] - Current research is focused on inducing immune tolerance and addressing rejection in organ transplantation, with several therapies based on regulatory T cells in clinical trials [5] Group 3: Future Prospects - There is optimism that as understanding of disease mechanisms deepens, immune therapies will evolve towards more precise regulatory approaches [5] - However, challenges such as ensuring the stability and specificity of regulatory T cells in clinical settings persist, which may limit their application compared to other therapies like CAR-T cell treatments [5]
诺贝尔生理学或医学奖出炉！十年内第三位日本科学家获奖 免疫领域“梅开二度”
Di Yi Cai Jing·2025-10-06 13:34