碳市场是优化资源配置的重要抓手

Core Viewpoint - The issuance of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" marks a significant step towards the comprehensive deepening and acceleration of the national carbon market, providing direction for institutional innovation and operational optimization, which is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality goals and enhancing China's carbon governance system [1] Group 1: Carbon Market Structure - The national carbon market consists of a mandatory carbon trading market and a voluntary emission reduction market, which are interconnected through quota clearing and offset mechanisms, each focusing on different aspects while complementing each other [2] - The carbon pricing mechanism is central to the carbon trading market policy, with quota allocation being a key factor influencing carbon pricing [2] Group 2: Quota Allocation and Management - Current quota allocation primarily uses a free distribution method based on carbon emission intensity and actual production volume, avoiding negative impacts on economic growth [2] - As more emission entities are included in the carbon market, the focus will gradually shift from controlling carbon intensity to controlling total carbon emissions, transitioning from free allocation to a mixed approach of "free + paid" allocation [2] Group 3: Monitoring and Verification - A robust monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) system is essential for accurately determining historical carbon emissions and their intensity, which supports the effective functioning of the carbon market [3] - Enhancing data quality through comprehensive regulation and automated monitoring is crucial for achieving national emission reduction targets [3] Group 4: Low-Carbon Transition Strategies - Companies can achieve green and low-carbon transformation through energy-saving renovations and clean energy alternatives, fostering a virtuous cycle of emission reduction, revenue generation, and reinvestment in research and development [4] - The development of low-carbon industry clusters, such as clean energy and carbon consulting, can drive industrial structure upgrades and promote economic transition towards a green high-end model [4]