“秋暖”胜“秋冻”“秋膘”非“肥膘”，你的血压管理做对了吗？

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the growing prevalence of hypertension in China, particularly among younger populations, and highlights the importance of proper management and lifestyle adjustments to mitigate risks associated with high blood pressure [1][2]. Group 1: Understanding Hypertension - Hypertension is defined as a condition where blood pressure against the arterial walls is consistently higher than normal, with diagnostic criteria set at a systolic pressure of ≥140 mmHg or diastolic pressure of ≥90 mmHg [1]. - The article warns against the misconceptions surrounding seasonal changes, particularly the practices of "autumn freezing" and "autumn fattening," which can adversely affect individuals with hypertension [2]. Group 2: Common Misconceptions about Hypertension Treatment - Misconception 1: Many patients believe they do not need medication if they do not exhibit symptoms, but untreated hypertension can lead to severe organ damage [3]. - Misconception 2: Patients often stop medication when blood pressure appears normal, but hypertension is a chronic condition requiring ongoing treatment to prevent rebound effects [4]. - Misconception 3: There is a belief that antihypertensive medications are addictive, which is incorrect; these medications are non-addictive and essential for managing diagnosed hypertension [5]. - Misconception 4: Patients may think they should use "good drugs" immediately, but long-acting antihypertensive medications are preferred for stable blood pressure control [6]. - Misconception 5: Rapidly lowering blood pressure is often mistakenly believed to be beneficial, but a gradual approach is necessary to avoid complications [7]. - Misconception 6: Patients frequently misjudge their blood pressure based on single readings, while a proper diagnosis requires multiple measurements [8]. - Misconception 7: Changing medications frequently can lead to instability; patients should stick to a stable regimen unless advised otherwise [9]. - Misconception 8: Self-medicating based on others' experiences can be dangerous; treatment should always be guided by a healthcare professional [10]. - Misconception 9: Many believe that health supplements can effectively lower blood pressure, but these claims lack scientific validation [11]. - Misconception 10: Regular intravenous treatment is not necessary for most hypertension cases; oral medications are typically sufficient [12]. - Misconception 11: There is a misconception that lower blood pressure is always better, but excessively low levels can harm organ perfusion [13]. - Misconception 12: Patients often neglect regular check-ups, which are crucial for monitoring treatment effects and potential side effects [14]. Group 3: Lifestyle Recommendations for Hypertension Management - Reducing sodium intake is critical, with studies indicating that a decrease of 1g in daily salt consumption can lower blood pressure by approximately 1.2 mmHg [16]. - Maintaining a healthy weight is essential, as losing 10 kg can result in a blood pressure reduction of 5 to 20 mmHg [16]. - A balanced diet rich in potassium and dietary fiber, along with regular physical activity, can significantly aid in managing hypertension [17][18]. - Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption is recommended to lower cardiovascular risks [19]. - Managing stress and ensuring adequate sleep are also vital components of hypertension control [20][21].