小毛驴“靠边站”背后

Core Insights - The article discusses the decline of donkey populations in China, which has transitioned from being the world's largest donkey-raising country to experiencing a significant reduction in donkey numbers due to agricultural mechanization and changing market dynamics [1][2][3]. Group 1: Historical Context - Historically, donkeys were integral to rural life in China, serving multiple roles such as transportation and agricultural work, especially before the 1990s [1]. - In 1990, China had over 11 million donkeys, accounting for about 25% of the global population, but this number has drastically decreased to approximately 1.46 million by 2023 [2]. Group 2: Causes of Decline - The primary reason for the decline in donkey populations is the rise of agricultural mechanization, with the mechanization rate reaching 73% in 2023, leading to a more than 90% decrease in donkey numbers [2]. - Donkeys have a long breeding cycle and slow growth rate, making them less appealing for farmers compared to other livestock [3]. - The increasing costs and risks associated with donkey farming, including susceptibility to diseases and the challenges of concentrated farming, have deterred farmers from raising donkeys [4]. Group 3: Market Dynamics - The scarcity of donkeys has led to rising prices for donkey meat, with some businesses resorting to substituting donkey meat with horse meat due to cost pressures [5][6]. - The demand for donkey hides, particularly for the production of traditional Chinese medicine (Ejiao), has surged, creating a competitive market for donkey hides globally [7][8]. Group 4: Future Prospects - The Chinese government is taking steps to protect donkey breeds and improve breeding practices, aiming to enhance the genetic quality and population of donkeys by 2030 [10]. - There is a push for innovation in the donkey industry, including the development of new products like donkey milk and bone glue, as well as eco-tourism initiatives that incorporate donkeys [10][11]. - International cooperation, particularly with countries along the Belt and Road Initiative, is being explored to ensure sustainable development in the donkey industry [11].