正当防卫！商务部回应中方宣布针对美对华造船等行业301调查限制措施实施反制

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government expresses strong opposition to the U.S. unilateral measures against its shipbuilding industry, emphasizing the need for equal negotiations and cooperation to resolve issues [1][6]. Group 1: Chinese Government's Response - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce states that the countermeasures against the U.S. restrictions are legitimate defensive actions aimed at maintaining fair competition in the international shipping and shipbuilding markets [1]. - The Ministry of Transport announces that starting from October 14, 2025, special port fees will be charged for U.S. vessels, which is seen as a direct response to the U.S. Section 301 investigation into China's maritime and shipbuilding industries [3][4]. - The Chinese government urges the U.S. to correct its erroneous practices and to stop the unreasonable suppression of China's shipping industry [4][6]. Group 2: Details of the Special Port Fees - The special port fees will be charged based on net tonnage, starting at 400 RMB per net ton from October 14, 2025, increasing to 1120 RMB per net ton by April 17, 2028 [4]. - The fees will only be collected at the first port of call in China for each voyage, with a maximum of five voyages per year for each vessel [4]. Group 3: Impact on U.S. Shipping Companies - A senior U.S. logistics expert notes that the direct impact of these measures will primarily affect U.S. shipping companies and vessels flying the U.S. flag, although the broader implications could affect any vessel with over 25% U.S. ownership [5]. - The expert highlights that companies like Seaspan, which are U.S.-controlled, will indirectly affect foreign shipping companies that lease their vessels [5]. Group 4: Context of U.S. Measures - The U.S. measures are characterized as unilateral and discriminatory, significantly harming Chinese enterprises, with the U.S. aiming to revitalize its shipbuilding industry, which has seen a drastic decline in output since the 1970s [6][7]. - The U.S. Trade Representative's office reported that China's share of global shipbuilding tonnage increased from 5% in 1999 to over 50% in 2023, while U.S. shipyards have drastically reduced their annual output [6].