三位诺奖得主破解持续增长谜题，技术创新与开放是“王道”

Core Insights - The Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for 2025 was awarded to Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion, and Peter Howitt for their contributions to understanding innovation-driven economic growth [1][4][10] - The prize highlights the importance of maintaining the mechanisms behind creative destruction to avoid economic stagnation [1][4] Group 1: Contributions of Nobel Laureates - Mokyr's research emphasizes the role of "useful knowledge" in driving sustained economic growth, categorizing it into propositional knowledge and procedural knowledge [5][6] - Aghion and Howitt transformed Joseph Schumpeter's "creative destruction" theory into a rigorous mathematical model, explaining the dynamic process of market replacement by innovative products [6][7] Group 2: Economic Growth Challenges - Historical analysis shows that despite significant innovations, sustained economic growth has been difficult to achieve, with notable shifts occurring only in the last two centuries [4][5] - The current global trend of de-globalization and protectionism poses risks to economic growth by limiting market expansion and innovation [7][9] Group 3: Implications of AI and Innovation - AI is expected to accelerate the process of creative destruction, making the discovery of innovative ideas more accessible than ever [7][8] - Aghion warns that poorly designed competition policies could lead to market dominance by "superstar" firms, stifling future innovation [7][8] Group 4: Policy Recommendations - To maximize productivity gains from technological advancements, robust institutional frameworks, including education and labor market policies, are essential [8][9] - The Nobel Prize serves as a reminder of the critical role of technological innovation in driving economic growth, especially in the context of current global economic challenges [9][10]