从探索未知到守护人民健康 大科学装置具有三大“硬核”本领

Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" marks a significant milestone in China's technological development, emphasizing the enhancement of scientific innovation capabilities and the solidification of the foundation for becoming a technology powerhouse [1]. Group 1: Fundamental Scientific Challenges - Large scientific devices represent the highest level of human engineering technology, serving as "national heavy instruments" to explore the unknown and tackle fundamental scientific issues [3]. - To achieve breakthroughs from 0 to 1 in basic research, China must propose and solve major scientific problems, expanding extreme detection capabilities and making breakthroughs in fundamental scientific laws [4]. Group 2: Innovation and Technological Breakthroughs - Large scientific devices are the source of original innovation, capable of spawning disruptive and transformative technologies [5]. - For instance, the use of neutron scattering sources can study internal stresses in materials, providing critical data for high-end manufacturing sectors such as aerospace and high-speed rail [7]. - These platforms can halve the research and development cycle and costs for new materials, aiding breakthroughs in key areas like chips and renewable energy, addressing critical technological challenges faced by the nation [7]. Group 3: Public Health and Well-being - Large scientific devices are closely related to daily life and public health [8]. - They can accelerate the design of targeted drugs for diseases like cancer and Alzheimer's by analyzing protein structures [8]. - Technologies derived from particle accelerators, such as proton and heavy ion therapy, can precisely kill cancer cells, while synchrotron radiation techniques are used to develop more sensitive medical imaging devices, widely applied in disease diagnosis [8]. Group 4: Investment in Future and Well-being - Investment in large scientific devices not only enhances the country's future technological competitiveness but also contributes to the convenience, safety, and well-being of human life [10]. - Such investments are seen as crucial for sustainable development and the welfare of humanity [10].