【环时深度】新税法为何在多国引发政商激辩

Group 1: France's Wealth Tax Debate - The "Zucman Tax," proposed by economist Gabriel Zucman, aims to impose a 2% global wealth tax on individuals with net wealth exceeding €100 million, potentially generating €15 billion to €20 billion annually for the French government [3][4] - The proposal has sparked intense debate in France, with concerns about balancing high public debt and social equity, as well as historical fears of wealthy individuals relocating due to taxation [3][5] - Prominent figures, including French billionaire Bernard Arnault, have criticized the tax, labeling it as a threat to economic freedom and warning of potential negative impacts on local businesses [4][5] Group 2: U.S. Tax Reform Controversy - The "Big and Beautiful" tax and spending bill signed by President Trump is seen as a fulfillment of campaign promises but has raised concerns about increasing national debt and cuts to essential welfare programs [6][7] - Public opinion is largely skeptical, with approximately two-thirds of Americans believing the tax reform primarily benefits the wealthy, while low-income groups may face adverse effects [6][7] - Republican officials are promoting the bill as a victory for the working class, despite contrasting views from Democrats who argue it disproportionately favors the rich [6][7] Group 3: India's GST Reform - India's government has introduced a new Goods and Services Tax (GST 2.0), which simplifies the tax structure and is expected to reduce household expenses by 13%, particularly benefiting essential goods [8][10] - The reform has faced mixed reactions, with some consumers not experiencing significant price changes, while businesses in wholesale markets have adjusted prices effectively [9][10] - The tax reform aims to lower costs for agricultural inputs, which could significantly impact rural economies, although there are concerns about potential long-term consequences such as increased urban traffic and pollution [10][11]