环球圆桌对话：欧盟为何在AI领域“亮旗”？

Core Viewpoint - The European Union (EU) is prioritizing the development of artificial intelligence (AI) strategies in response to increasing global competition, particularly from the US and China, aiming to enhance its technological sovereignty and competitiveness in the AI sector [1][2][6]. Group 1: EU AI Strategy Development - The EU has shifted its AI strategy from a focus on regulatory frameworks to a more comprehensive approach that includes capability building and systemic innovation across research, industry, investment, and regulations [2][3]. - The newly introduced "Application AI Strategy" and "Scientific AI Strategy" are seen as specific policy frameworks to implement the "Continental AI Action Plan," aiming to establish Europe as the world's first "AI continent" [2][3]. Group 2: Competitive Landscape - The EU acknowledges its lag in AI technology and infrastructure compared to the US and China, particularly in areas such as AI computing power, storage, and talent development [3][4]. - The EU's strategy emphasizes the need for differentiated competition rather than direct competition with the US and China, suggesting a focus on leveraging its own strengths and addressing resource constraints [3][4]. Group 3: Governance and Regulation - The EU aims to position itself as a "third pole" in global AI governance, leveraging its existing strengths in data governance and privacy protection to influence international standards [6][7]. - The EU's "AI Act," set to take effect in August 2024, is the world's first comprehensive regulatory framework for AI, which could enhance its role as a rule-maker in the global AI landscape [7][11]. Group 4: Challenges and Opportunities - The EU faces significant challenges in achieving its AI ambitions, including a lack of innovation investment, internal coordination difficulties among member states, and the need for a more flexible regulatory approach [8][9][12]. - Despite these challenges, there is potential for collaboration with other regions, particularly in addressing data privacy and security concerns, which could enhance the EU's position in the global AI market [15].