瞭望 | 加速固态电池产业化

Core Viewpoint - The competition between semi-solid and all-solid batteries represents a choice of industrial priorities, with semi-solid batteries being more pragmatic for the current Chinese market, while all-solid batteries focus on future performance and align with the technological breakthrough strategies of Japanese and Korean battery manufacturers [1][4]. Group 1: Current Challenges in Solid-State Battery Commercialization - Large-scale commercialization of solid-state batteries faces several challenges, including high interface resistance, expensive costs, and technical bottlenecks in materials and engineering [1][5]. - The solid-state battery industry requires a dual approach of "technical breakthroughs + industrial ecosystem strength" to convert laboratory advantages into market influence [1][12]. Group 2: Technological Routes and Material Challenges - Mainstream solid electrolyte materials include sulfides, halides, oxides, and polymer electrolytes, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages, and the industry is still exploring the most suitable production technology [3]. - Sulfide electrolytes are the mainstream technology for all-solid batteries due to their high room temperature ionic conductivity, but they face challenges such as poor chemical stability and high costs [6][9]. Group 3: Manufacturing and Production Issues - The manufacturing complexity of all-solid batteries is significantly higher, requiring advanced processes such as dry electrode manufacturing and precise stacking techniques [8][9]. - The solid-state battery supply chain is still developing, facing limitations in production scale and procurement channels for key raw materials like lithium sulfide [9][11]. Group 4: Policy and Market Support - The Chinese government is actively promoting solid-state battery development, with a planned investment of 6 billion yuan to support six battery manufacturers and automakers in R&D projects [11]. - The acceleration of semi-solid battery commercialization is evident, with significant projects like the 2.8 GWh independent energy storage project by Nandu Power [11][12]. Group 5: Future Directions and Strategic Focus - The industry must balance short-term commercialization of semi-solid batteries with long-term goals for all-solid batteries, ensuring resource allocation aligns with both immediate and future objectives [4][12]. - Expanding application scenarios, such as in low-altitude economies and humanoid robots, is crucial for driving down costs and achieving large-scale implementation of solid-state batteries [13].