回望“十四五”|稳健筑基，活力跃动：数览大国金融“十四五”答卷

Core Insights - The Chinese financial industry has demonstrated significant growth and resilience during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with total banking assets reaching nearly 470 trillion yuan, making it the largest in the world [2][3] - The financial sector has seen a robust increase in total assets, with an annual growth rate of 9% over the past five years, and the number of financial institutions has expanded significantly [3][4] - The financial services have deepened and broadened, with institutions extending their reach across the country to meet diverse financial needs [3][4] Financial Sector Growth - As of mid-2023, the total assets of the banking and insurance sectors exceeded 500 trillion yuan, with trust, wealth management, and insurance asset management institutions managing nearly 100 trillion yuan, doubling since the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [3] - The number of banking institutions surpassed 4,000, insurance institutions exceeded 230, and securities companies numbered around 150, indicating a mature and diversified institutional framework [3][4] Internationalization and Attractiveness - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period has seen an increase in foreign financial institutions entering the Chinese market, with 13 new foreign-controlled securities and fund futures institutions approved to operate in China [5] - By mid-2023, the number of foreign institutions in the interbank bond market grew from over 200 in early 2016 to 1,171, reflecting an annual growth rate of approximately 6.5% [5] Support for the Real Economy - The banking and insurance sectors provided an additional 170 trillion yuan in funding to the real economy over the past five years, with infrastructure loans increasing by 62% [6] - The capital market has become a crucial source of funding for enterprises, with total financing through stock and bond markets reaching 57.5 trillion yuan [6] Insurance Sector Developments - The insurance industry has significantly enhanced its role in social stability and economic resilience, with total claims paid reaching 9 trillion yuan, a 61.7% increase from the previous five-year period [7] - Agricultural insurance has provided risk coverage for 800 million households, and commercial health insurance has accumulated reserves of 11 trillion yuan [7] Technological Innovation Support - The banking sector's loans for scientific research and technology have grown at an annual rate of 27.2%, with high-tech enterprise loans nearing 19 trillion yuan [8] - The capital market has increasingly supported technology-driven companies, with over 90% of new listings being tech-related [8] Financial Risk Management - The establishment of the National Financial Supervision Administration marks a significant step in enhancing financial regulation and risk management [10] - The financial system has effectively managed risks, with a notable reduction in high-risk institutions and a significant decrease in financial debt levels [11][12] - The banking sector's capital adequacy ratios have improved, with non-performing loan rates decreasing to approximately 1.49% [12]