国际观察｜沙姆沙伊赫峰会留给“和平”的四个问号

Core Points - The summit in Sharm El-Sheikh focused on the first phase of a ceasefire in Gaza, with leaders from Egypt, the US, Qatar, and Turkey signing a document to support the ceasefire agreement [1][3] - Experts express skepticism about the effectiveness of the summit and the ceasefire agreement, highlighting that many questions remain regarding the path to lasting peace in the region [1][5] Group 1: Summit Details - Over 20 leaders attended the summit, including Palestinian President Abbas, but key parties like Hamas and Israeli leaders were absent [3] - US President Trump did not provide specific answers regarding the implementation of the proposed "20-point plan" during the summit [3] - The signed document emphasized a commitment to ending the Gaza conflict but lacked concrete measures, particularly regarding the "two-state solution" [3][5] Group 2: Key Questions Raised - There are concerns about the sustainability of the Gaza ceasefire, as no timeline for Israel's withdrawal from Gaza has been established [5] - The lack of arrangements for the reconstruction of Gaza raises questions about how to address the humanitarian needs of nearly two million displaced individuals [5][7] - The exclusion of Palestinian representatives from post-conflict governance could exacerbate divisions between Gaza and the West Bank, undermining the "two-state solution" [7] - The potential for the ceasefire to affect regional dynamics is uncertain, with fears that a breakdown could escalate conflicts in neighboring countries [7][8] Group 3: US Government's Considerations - The US aims to maintain its dominance in the Middle East, protect Israeli interests, and normalize relations between Arab states and Israel [8][10] - The ongoing Gaza conflict complicates US efforts to foster trust between Arab nations and Israel, particularly as key countries like Saudi Arabia link normalization to Palestinian statehood [10] - Lasting peace in the Middle East requires addressing root issues, with the "two-state solution" being central to any sustainable resolution [10]