报告：全球电动车渗透率达25%，中国领跑，补能基建提速但仍存痛点

Core Insights - The report by Roland Berger highlights steady growth in electric vehicle (EV) usage and charging infrastructure globally, with the overall sales penetration rate of electric vehicles increasing from 20% in 2023 to 25% in 2024 [1] Group 1: Global Electric Vehicle Market - The global electric vehicle sales penetration rate is projected to rise, with China leading at a penetration rate increase from 36% in 2023 to 49% in 2024 [2] - Norway ranks second in EV sales penetration but shows weaknesses in infrastructure development [1][2] - The United States has a significant EV ownership but faces challenges due to policy fluctuations, with sales penetration slightly increasing from 10% in 2023 to 11% in 2024 [2] Group 2: Regional Performance - The Asia-Pacific region is dominated by China, which accounts for over 90% of EV sales, while South Korea's ranking has declined due to low user satisfaction with its charging network [2] - In Europe, Germany's EV sales penetration dropped from 26% in 2023 to 22% in 2024, while the UK has seen strong growth, moving up to fourth place globally [3] - The Middle East and North Africa are still in the early stages of electrification, with countries like Saudi Arabia and Qatar lagging behind [3] Group 3: Charging Infrastructure - Global public charging stations increased by 33%, but the ratio of EVs to charging stations has slightly decreased due to faster growth in EV sales compared to infrastructure [4] - China maintains a high public charging station availability ratio, with 79% of respondents indicating increasing convenience in public charging [4] - The total number of public charging stations is expected to grow from 3.8 million at the end of 2023 to over 5 million by the end of 2024, with over two-thirds of new stations located in China [4] Group 4: User Experience and Challenges - The report identifies that the availability of home charging facilities is crucial for EV adoption, but the proportion of home charging has decreased from 87% in 2023 to 85% [6] - Approximately 85% of EV users utilize home charging, but about half of charging activities still occur outside the home, highlighting the importance of public charging infrastructure [6][7] - Key user concerns include long charging times and insufficient infrastructure, with 47% dissatisfied with charging speed and 45% citing a lack of facilities [7]