贸易强国：从逆势增长到“强筋健骨”

Core Insights - China's foreign trade has shown resilience, achieving significant growth despite external pressures, with a focus on high-quality development and innovation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [2][3][4] Trade Scale and Growth - In 2024, China's goods trade volume reached $6.16 trillion, a 32.4% increase from the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" in 2020, maintaining its position as the world's largest trader for eight consecutive years [3] - Service trade also saw a milestone, surpassing $1 trillion for the first time, positioning China as the second-largest service trader globally [3] Import and Export Dynamics - China's imports are projected to grow by 2.3% in 2024, marking a historical high and maintaining its status as the world's second-largest importer for 16 years [3] - The country has implemented zero tariffs on 100% of products for all least developed countries with which it has diplomatic relations, and has signed agreements for zero tariffs with 53 African nations [3] Trade Structure and Quality - The proportion of electromechanical products in exports rose to 59.4% in 2024, with automobile exports exceeding 6 million units for the first time [4] - Cross-border e-commerce imports and exports are expected to reach approximately 2.7 trillion yuan in 2024, a 67% increase from 2020 [4] Digital and Service Trade Innovations - China has introduced a negative list management system for cross-border service trade, with knowledge-intensive service trade growing by 38% compared to 2020 [4] - The export value of digitally deliverable services is projected to increase by nearly 40% from 2020 [4] Trade System and Global Cooperation - China is committed to maintaining a multilateral trade system and expanding its high-standard free trade zone network, actively participating in WTO reforms and promoting international economic cooperation [9][10] - The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) has been signed and is now the largest free trade area globally, with China applying to join high-standard agreements like CPTPP and DEPA [10] Belt and Road Initiative - Trade with Belt and Road Initiative countries increased from $2.7 trillion in 2021 to $3.1 trillion in 2024, with an average annual growth rate of 4.7% [12]