【高端访谈】各国财政支出应注重“物有所值”——访IMF财政事务部主任加斯帕尔

Core Insights - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) emphasizes the need for countries to focus on "value for money" in public spending amidst rising global public debt and increasing fiscal pressures [1][2] - The IMF's latest Fiscal Monitor Report indicates that global economic growth remains sluggish, with public debt continuing to rise, compounded by increased defense spending, aging populations, and rising interest rates [1] - IMF officials warn that the persistent gap between spending and revenue will exacerbate debt levels, threatening fiscal sustainability [1] Group 1: Global Fiscal Challenges - Countries are urged to optimize spending structures and prioritize expenditures that promote economic growth, such as investments in infrastructure, human capital, and technology research and development [1] - Improving spending efficiency can significantly enhance returns and alleviate fiscal policy dilemmas [1] Group 2: U.S. Fiscal Policy - The IMF highlights that the U.S. fiscal deficit is currently high, with public debt as a percentage of GDP projected to rise from 122% in 2024 to 143% by 2030, significantly above the average for developed economies [2] - Early adjustments to U.S. fiscal policy are recommended to control deficits and debt, ensuring stable economic performance and contributing to global financial stability [2] Group 3: China's Fiscal and Green Energy Policies - The IMF welcomes recent fiscal measures from China, viewing them as beneficial for expanding domestic demand and strengthening the social safety net [2] - China's advancements in wind and solar energy technologies are recognized for significantly reducing global green energy costs, highlighting the country's positive contributions to global sustainability efforts [2]