中东光伏项目进入“吉瓦级”时代 中印企业各具竞争优势 储能渐成标配

Core Insights - The International Energy Agency's report indicates that approximately half of the new power generation capacity in the Middle East from 2023 to 2035 will come from photovoltaic (PV) power, with a projected 15-fold increase in new PV capacity compared to existing installations [1][2]. Group 1: Advantages and Trends in PV Development - The Middle East has significant natural advantages for PV development, with an average solar irradiation exceeding 2000 kWh per square meter annually, particularly in countries like Saudi Arabia, UAE, Morocco, and Egypt [2]. - The region's vast undeveloped deserts and flat terrain provide low-cost land ideal for large-scale PV installations, minimizing land-use conflicts [2]. - Rapidly growing electricity demand driven by population growth, urbanization, and climate change is making the Middle East the fastest-growing region for electricity demand globally [2][3]. Group 2: Renewable Energy Goals and Current Status - Many Middle Eastern countries have set ambitious renewable energy targets, such as Saudi Arabia aiming for a 50% share of renewable energy in its power generation by 2030, and UAE targeting 14 GW of renewable capacity by the same year [3]. - There is a significant gap between current renewable energy capacity and these ambitious targets, indicating a surge in new renewable energy projects in the coming years [3]. Group 3: Scale and Storage in PV Projects - The trend in the Middle East is shifting towards larger-scale PV projects, moving from megawatt (MW) to gigawatt (GW) scale, which helps reduce costs [4]. - Companies like China Energy Engineering have significantly increased their project sizes in Egypt, with plans for 1 GW PV projects and associated storage [4][5]. - The demand for energy storage is rapidly increasing in the region, with over 20 GWh of announced storage projects across several countries, driven by advancements in battery technology and decreasing costs [5]. Group 4: Market Participation and Supply Chain - Chinese and Indian companies dominate the construction of PV projects in the Middle East, with Chinese firms holding over half of the market share due to their experience and quality [5]. - Despite the reliance on imported PV components, there is a strategic push in some countries to develop local manufacturing capabilities for PV equipment [2].