国家标准如何规范动力电池回收利用

Core Insights - The rapid growth of electric vehicle ownership in China is leading to an increase in retired power batteries, making recycling a critical aspect for the healthy development of the industry [1] - The National Standardization Administration has approved five national standards, including the "Evaluation Technical Specification for the Recycling and Utilization of Waste Battery Chemicals," to enhance the recycling standard system for power batteries [1] Industry Development - The domestic power battery recycling volume is expected to exceed 300,000 tons in 2024, corresponding to a market scale of over 48 billion yuan, with projections to surpass 100 billion yuan by 2030 [1] - A total of 22 national standards for power battery recycling have been released, covering various aspects such as general requirements, management specifications, disassembly standards, residual energy detection, and recycling of lithium-ion waste [1] Standardization Efforts - The Ministry of Market Regulation and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology are working together to establish a National Technical Committee for Power Battery Recycling Standardization to unify standards across the industry [2] - The implementation of the "Disassembly Specifications for Used Power Batteries" has improved disassembly efficiency by over 50%, promoting standardized development in physical processing [2] Environmental Impact - The series of standards for the recycling and utilization of power batteries aim to ensure that harmful substances are managed properly, achieving a reduction in overall energy consumption by over 30% [3] - Strict resource recovery rate indicators have been established, requiring a comprehensive recovery rate of no less than 98% for nickel, cobalt, and manganese, and no less than 85% for lithium [3] International Collaboration - Chinese experts are actively participating in the formulation of international standards related to battery performance evaluation and recycling guidelines, with nearly 40 experts involved in international standard organizations [3] - The proposal for the "General Guidelines for Deep Discharge in Battery Recycling" has been successfully established as an IEC international standard [3] Future Initiatives - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology plans to strengthen collaboration with the National Market Regulation Administration to accelerate the revision of green design standards for power batteries [4] - The development of mandatory national standards for key aspects of power battery recycling will be prioritized, including safety guarantees and the prohibition of using retired power batteries in electric bicycles [4]