商务部连续三年发布报告详解美国履行WTO规则义务情况，最新版讲了什么？

Core Viewpoint - The report highlights the unilateral measures taken by the new U.S. government, such as "reciprocal tariffs," which are seen as violations of WTO rules and detrimental to the multilateral trade system [2][5][10] Summary by Relevant Sections U.S. Trade Policy - The report indicates that the U.S. has shifted towards unilateralism and protectionism since 2017, blaming domestic issues on "unfair trade" and using globalization as a scapegoat for its failures [5][8] - The U.S. has implemented various unilateral measures, including the "232 tariffs" on steel and aluminum, which are viewed as a significant departure from WTO principles [6][7] Impact on Global Trade - The unilateral tariffs are expected to reduce global trade volume by 1% by 2025, equivalent to erasing 4% of expected growth, according to World Bank estimates [7] - The uncertainty created by U.S. trade policies is likely to lead to a decline in global merchandise trade volume by 1.5% in 2025, as per WTO predictions [7] Multilateral Trade System Challenges - The U.S. is accused of undermining the multilateral trade system by prioritizing domestic law over international rules, which poses a serious threat to the survival and development of the WTO [8][9] - The U.S. has obstructed the selection of appellate body members in the WTO, leading to a paralysis of the dispute resolution mechanism [8] Call for Compliance and Cooperation - The report urges the U.S. to adhere to WTO rules and eliminate unilateral measures like "reciprocal tariffs" to restore authority and effectiveness to the multilateral trade system [10] - China emphasizes the importance of multilateralism and cooperation, advocating for a return to a rules-based international trading system that benefits all parties involved [10][11]