商务部连续三年发布报告详解美国履行WTO规则义务情况 最新版讲了什么？

Core Viewpoint - The report by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce highlights the U.S. failure to adhere to WTO rules, emphasizing unilateral measures such as "reciprocal tariffs" that undermine the multilateral trade system [1][2][3] Summary by Sections U.S. Unilateral Actions - The report indicates that the U.S. has deviated from its claimed policy positions and WTO rules, acting as a disruptor of the multilateral trade system and engaging in unilateralism [2][3] - Since 2017, the U.S. has adopted a series of unilateral and protectionist measures under the "America First" principle, including the introduction of "reciprocal tariffs" in 2025, which violate core WTO values [3][4] Impact on Global Trade - The unilateral tariff policies, particularly the "232 tariffs" on imports like steel and aluminum, are seen as a misuse of national security concepts, violating WTO non-discrimination principles and creating significant uncertainty in the global automotive industry [5][6] - The World Bank estimates that U.S. unilateral tariff measures could lead to a 1% decline in global trade volume by 2025, equivalent to erasing 4% of expected growth [6][7] Threats to Multilateral Trade System - The report outlines that the U.S. has placed domestic law above international rules, obstructing the normal functioning of the WTO and threatening its survival and development [7][8] - The U.S. has repeatedly blocked the selection of appellate body members, leading to a paralysis of the dispute resolution mechanism, and has failed to comply with WTO rulings in a significant number of cases [7][8] Call for Cooperation and Reform - The report urges the U.S. to adhere to its commitments and return to a rules-based multilateralism, emphasizing the need to eliminate unilateral measures like "reciprocal tariffs" to maintain the authority and integrity of the multilateral trade system [9][10] - China expresses its commitment to working with other members to promote the WTO's role in global governance and to achieve a more equitable and inclusive economic globalization [9][10]