悄悄“豁免”？特朗普政府在11月法院听证会前调整关税策略

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. Supreme Court will review the legality of tariffs imposed by the Trump administration, with oral arguments scheduled for the first week of November, while the administration is quietly adjusting its tariff policies [1][2]. Tariff Exemptions and Adjustments - The Trump administration has recently exempted dozens of products from tariffs and proposed hundreds of tariff exemptions in trade negotiations with various countries [2][4]. - The administration's shift reflects a growing sentiment among officials that the U.S. should lower tariffs on non-domestically produced goods, with a focus on avoiding legal risks associated with potential Supreme Court rulings [4][10]. - A new list of exemptions, known as "Annex II," includes products ranging from gold to LED lights, as well as certain minerals and chemicals affected by Section 232 tariffs [4][5]. Future Tariff Exemptions - The administration has indicated that hundreds of products may be exempt from tariffs in future trade agreements, particularly those that cannot be produced domestically [8]. - New powers have been granted to the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Trade Representative to issue tariff exemptions without requiring direct presidential orders, streamlining the process [8]. Economic Impact of Tariffs - Estimates suggest that tariffs implemented by the Trump administration could lead to a 1.7% increase in price levels by 2025, equating to a loss of approximately $2,400 in average household income [8][9]. - Specific sectors, such as leather and apparel, are projected to experience significant price increases, with leather products expected to rise by 36% and clothing by 34% in the short term [9]. Legal Strategy and Tariff Expansion - The Trump administration is expanding its use of Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, recently imposing a 25% tariff on heavy trucks and a 10% tariff on buses, effective November 1 [10]. - This strategy aims to encourage domestic manufacturing and is seen as a more legally robust approach compared to previous tariff measures [10][11]. - Legal experts note that the authority granted under Section 232 is more difficult to challenge than other legal bases for tariffs, allowing for broader application [11].