（经济观察）电车出行折射中国“十四五”绿色转型力度

Core Insights - The article highlights the significant progress China has made in the green transformation of its transportation sector, particularly through the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and the expansion of charging infrastructure [1][3]. Charging Infrastructure Development - During the recent National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival holiday, China's highway electric vehicle charging volume reached 123 million kilowatt-hours, with a daily average increase of over 45% year-on-year, marking a historical high [1]. - By the end of August 2025, the total number of electric vehicle charging facilities in China is expected to reach 17.348 million, approximately ten times the number five years ago [1]. - Over 40,000 charging facilities have been established along highways, five times the number from five years ago, with significant expansion into rural areas, where 97% of county towns and 80% of townships now have public charging facilities [1]. Charging Speed Improvements - The average power of newly added direct current charging stations has increased from 73.90 kilowatts at the end of 2021 to 98.51 kilowatts by June 2025, indicating a rapid proliferation of high-power charging facilities [2]. - Shenzhen has become a "supercharging city," with 1,057 supercharging stations and over 487,000 charging piles, surpassing the number of gas stations and pumps [2]. Renewable Energy Integration - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is noted as the fastest for green and low-carbon transformation, with renewable energy generation capacity increasing from 40% to around 60% [3]. - Wind and solar power generation has seen significant growth, with the share of wind and solar in total electricity consumption rising from 9.7% in 2020 to an expected 18.6% by 2024 [3]. - All new electricity consumption in the first half of this year has been sourced from renewable energy [3]. Traditional Energy Sector Adaptation - Coal-fired power generation is undergoing rapid low-emission upgrades, with 95% of coal power units achieving ultra-low emissions [4]. - The comprehensive utilization rate of coal gangue is projected to increase by 3.1 percentage points by 2024 compared to 2020 [4]. - China has set ambitious new targets for 2035, aiming for non-fossil energy to account for over 30% of total energy consumption and for wind and solar power capacity to reach six times that of 2020 [4].