强化金融稳定保障体系 护航高质量发展新征程 《金融时报》记者专访中国人民银行金融稳定局负责人

Core Viewpoint - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has made significant progress in preventing and resolving financial risks during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, ensuring the stability of the financial system and protecting the interests of depositors and small investors [1][4]. Group 1: Financial Stability Measures - The PBOC has implemented a coordinated approach to tackle major financial risks, focusing on stabilizing the overall situation, coordinating efforts, and applying targeted measures [1][2]. - Key actions include the precise handling of high-risk groups, cleaning up shadow banking risks, and enhancing financial regulation to curb financial irregularities [2][6]. - The establishment of a macro-prudential and financial stability committee aims to improve risk monitoring, assessment, and early warning systems [3][8]. Group 2: Legislative and Institutional Developments - The Financial Stability Law draft has been reviewed by the National People's Congress, marking significant progress in financial stability legislation [3]. - The deposit insurance system has been operating smoothly since 2015, with a high protection level that covers over 99% of depositors [3]. - The Financial Stability Guarantee Fund has been established to provide backup funding for major financial risks, with ongoing accumulation of resources [3][6]. Group 3: Risk Prevention and Early Warning - The PBOC emphasizes early identification and warning of financial risks, utilizing central bank ratings and stress tests to detect anomalies [5][6]. - A mechanism for early correction of high-risk institutions has been established, promoting timely remediation to prevent risk escalation [6][7]. - The number of high-risk small and medium-sized banks has significantly decreased since its peak in 2019, reflecting effective risk management [6][7]. Group 4: Balancing Development and Risk Management - The PBOC aims to balance economic growth and risk prevention, recognizing the interconnection between economic issues and financial risks [7][8]. - The focus is on maintaining a dynamic equilibrium between economic growth, structural adjustments, and financial risk prevention [7]. - The PBOC is exploring ways to enhance macro-prudential management and improve the toolkit for maintaining financial stability [8].