阿根廷比索跌至历史新低，美国出手也没用？

Core Viewpoint - Argentina's economic situation is deteriorating, with the peso hitting historical lows despite U.S. intervention and support measures [1][2][3][4] Group 1: Currency and Economic Measures - The Central Bank of Argentina has signed a $20 billion currency swap agreement with the U.S. Treasury, which is a key pillar of the U.S. aid plan for Argentina [1] - As of October 22, the peso has depreciated by 30% against the dollar this year, reaching a record low of 1,545 pesos per dollar in the informal market [2][3] - The U.S. Treasury has intervened three times since October 9, purchasing approximately $400 million in pesos, but the peso's decline has continued [1][2] Group 2: Political Context and Challenges - The political turmoil began after President Milei's party faced electoral setbacks, leading to a sell-off of the national currency due to investor concerns over his ability to implement reforms [2] - Milei's approval ratings have dropped below 40% amid allegations of corruption involving his sister, further complicating the political landscape [2] - The upcoming midterm elections on October 26 are critical for Milei's party, which currently holds less than 15% of parliamentary representation, to demonstrate strength and secure support for its austerity agenda [2] Group 3: U.S. Support and Economic Structure - U.S. Treasury Secretary Yellen characterized Argentina's situation as an "acute liquidity crisis," suggesting that the country does not face fundamental solvency issues [4] - The U.S. has implemented multiple aid plans to support Milei, including potential purchases of Argentine beef to alleviate the crisis and lower U.S. beef prices [4] - Argentina's economy is heavily reliant on agricultural and energy exports, lacking a diversified industrial base, making it vulnerable to fluctuations in global commodity prices [4]