南苏丹艰难探索发展之路

Core Insights - South Sudan, the world's youngest country, has faced significant challenges since its independence in 2011, including political turmoil, economic struggles, and humanitarian crises [18][25][26]. Infrastructure and Economic Development - Despite severe difficulties, the South Sudanese government has made progress in infrastructure projects, including the modernization of Juba International Airport and the construction of a new central bank building, set to open in July 2024 [20][21]. - The African Development Bank predicts a gradual economic recovery for South Sudan, with a projected growth rate of 4% in 2025, contingent on increased oil exports and international support [21][23]. Poverty and Resource Management - Approximately 92% of South Sudan's population lives below the extreme poverty line, with many struggling to afford basic necessities despite the country's rich natural resources, including 4.7 billion barrels of proven oil reserves [23][24]. - The country's oil revenue constitutes nearly 90% of its fiscal income, yet it lacks refining capacity and relies on Sudan for pipeline access, complicating economic stability [23][24]. Political Instability and Conflict - South Sudan continues to experience political fragmentation and conflict, with a significant increase in civilian casualties reported in 2025 compared to the previous year [25][26]. - The ongoing instability is exacerbated by external factors, including the spillover effects of conflict from neighboring Sudan, which has led to increased cross-border violence and arms trafficking [25][26]. International Relations and Support - International organizations, including the United Nations and the African Union, have called for mechanisms to promote peace and reconciliation in South Sudan, but progress remains slow due to entrenched political divisions [26][27]. - Chinese peacekeeping forces and medical teams are actively involved in South Sudan, providing essential services and support to local communities, highlighting the role of international cooperation in addressing the humanitarian crisis [27].