生物育种为我国棉花产业高质量发展赋能

Core Insights - Significant progress has been made in cotton biotechnology breeding in China, with the successful cultivation and application of high-yield, high-quality, and stress-resistant cotton varieties, providing strong technological support for the high-quality development of the cotton industry [1][3] Group 1: Industry Overview - Cotton is a crucial economic crop related to national economy and people's livelihood, with stable production capacity and quality improvement being vital for ensuring the supply of textile raw materials and increasing farmers' income [1] - Xinjiang is the main cotton-producing region in China, accounting for approximately 92.2% of the national total output [1] Group 2: Technological Advancements - Under the support of major agricultural biotechnology breeding projects, domestic seed companies and research institutions have collaborated to utilize modern breeding technologies such as molecular marker selection and gene aggregation, focusing on traits like high yield, quality, disease resistance, and suitability for mechanical harvesting [2] - More than 30 new cotton varieties with outstanding comprehensive traits have been successfully cultivated, showing excellent performance in key quality indicators such as fiber length and strength, along with good disease resistance and adaptability to modern production methods [2] Group 3: Specific Varieties and Their Impact - The new variety Jinmian No. 2 demonstrates high-temperature tolerance, strong resistance to wilt and yellow wilt diseases, and excellent fiber quality, with a yield increase of 13.2% compared to the control in two years of regional trials, with a planned promotion area of 850,000 mu in 2024 and over 1 million mu in 2025 [2] - Another variety, Xintamian No. 11, aggregates multiple excellent traits for fiber quality and yield, showing a yield increase of 14.2% compared to the control in two years of regional trials, with a cumulative demonstration promotion of 320,000 mu planned for 2024-2025 [2] - Other notable varieties include Zhongmian Suo 1813, a high-yield salt-alkali resistant variety, Xinlu Mian No. 3, an early-maturing disease-resistant variety, and Guoxin Mian No. 37, a high-yield stable variety, all of which have been widely promoted in production [2] Group 4: Future Outlook - With the promotion and application of new varieties, the cotton industry in China is entering a new stage of simultaneous improvement in yield, quality, and efficiency, driven by continuous breakthroughs in biotechnology [3]