主要针对能源企业，仍然保留对话空间，俄称已对美欧制裁形成“免疫力”

Core Points - The U.S. government announced sanctions against Russia's two largest oil companies, aiming to pressure Russia into a ceasefire with Ukraine [1][3][4] - The European Union (EU) also agreed on a new round of sanctions against Russia, marking the first time it has targeted Russian natural gas [1][5] Group 1: U.S. Sanctions - The sanctions target state-owned Russian Oil Company and private company Lukoil, affecting nearly 30 subsidiaries [3][4] - These companies account for nearly 50% of Russia's total crude oil exports, making them critical to Russia's economy [3][5] - U.S. Treasury Secretary stated that the sanctions are necessary due to President Putin's refusal to end the conflict [3][4] Group 2: EU Sanctions - The EU's sanctions include a ban on Russian liquefied natural gas and expanded financial transaction bans [5][6] - This round of sanctions is seen as a significant step in targeting Russia's energy sector, which is central to its war economy [5][6] - EU Commission President emphasized the collective pressure being applied by the U.S. and EU against Russia [4][5] Group 3: Market Reactions - Following the announcement of sanctions, international oil prices surged, with WTI and Brent crude oil rising over 5% [5][6] - Analysts noted that while sanctions may impact Russian oil producers, there are always buyers willing to purchase Russian oil [6] Group 4: Russian Response - Russia claims to have developed a "strong immunity" to Western sanctions and warns that these measures could undermine diplomatic efforts to resolve the conflict [6][7] - Russian officials characterized the U.S. sanctions as acts of war and stated that the EU's sanctions would ultimately harm its own economy [6][7] Group 5: Dialogue Opportunities - Despite the sanctions, both the U.S. and Russia expressed openness to dialogue for achieving peace [7] - Russian officials indicated that there are no significant obstacles to a potential framework agreement to resolve the Ukraine conflict [7]