专访丨美国的单边主义严重破坏全球贸易体系——访南方中心执行主任科雷亚

Core Viewpoint - The unilateral actions of the United States are severely undermining the global trade system, particularly affecting developing countries, which face significant economic challenges due to high tariffs and trade uncertainties [1][2] Group 1: Impact on Global Trade - The U.S. has imposed tariffs that exceed the World Trade Organization (WTO) limits on several countries, including China, Switzerland, and Indonesia, disregarding WTO rules and disrupting the global trade system [1] - Developing countries are experiencing a loss of export income, decreased competitiveness of their products, and job losses due to U.S. trade policies [1] - High tariffs are leading to reduced foreign investment and currency depreciation in developing countries, creating an unstable economic environment [1] Group 2: Structural Issues in the U.S. Economy - The root causes of the U.S. trade deficit are structural issues such as declining manufacturing competitiveness, imbalances in savings and investment, and corporate tax avoidance, rather than unfair trade practices [2] - It is estimated that up to 30% of the U.S. trade deficit may be attributed to corporate tax avoidance behaviors [2] Group 3: Call for Multilateral Cooperation - Developing countries are urged to actively participate in the multilateral system and advocate for reforms in the WTO to better serve their development interests [2] - There is a need for a fair and predictable multilateral trade system to prevent any country from unilaterally imposing trade measures [2]