对话张占斌：如何理解“十五五”对“人”的强调

Core Viewpoint - The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is crucial for solidifying the foundation of socialist modernization and serves as a pivotal link between the first centenary goal and the second centenary vision of national rejuvenation [1][5]. Summary by Sections Strategic Positioning - The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the importance of the real economy, stating that economic development should focus on the real economy and maintain a reasonable proportion of manufacturing [2][11]. - The plan aims to promote comprehensive human development and integrate investments in both material and human resources, highlighting a people-centered approach to governance [2][12]. Historical Functions - The "15th Five-Year Plan" serves three historical functions: facilitating domestic transformation, concluding major reform tasks, and aligning with global rule adjustments [5][6]. - It acts as a critical "relay station" in the "two-step" strategy for modernization, connecting the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the "16th Five-Year Plan" [3][4]. Policy Coordination - The plan will promote deep integration between the digital economy and the real economy, focusing on building a modern industrial system while ensuring coordinated development across various sectors [6][7]. - It emphasizes the need for a high-level market economy and the establishment of a unified national market [6]. New Quality Productivity - The "15th Five-Year Plan" will prioritize the development of new quality productivity, enhancing technological innovation support policies and increasing basic research investment [6][8]. - It aims to leverage data as a new production factor to foster and expand new quality productivity [6]. Emphasis on Human Development - The plan places unprecedented importance on human development, integrating it into the macroeconomic framework as a core infrastructure alongside traditional sectors like transportation and technology [12][13]. - It establishes a quantifiable reform loop addressing the entire lifecycle of individuals, from birth to retirement, ensuring that the aspirations for a better life are measurable and accountable [13][14]. - The plan aims to convert demographic dividends into quality dividends, enhancing the sense of gain among the populace and embedding the principle of "people first" into governance processes [14].