Bitcoin mining stocks: TeraWulf’s record $3.2B note, miner debt tops $20 billion, Jane Street’s BitFarms and Cipher position, and why AI companies are buying jet engines

Core Insights - Bitcoin miners are facing shrinking margins due to a decline in Bitcoin prices, with hashprice around $47 per petahash per day and a forecasted difficulty adjustment increase of 4.7% [2] Group 1: Financial Developments - TeraWulf has raised $3.2 billion through a senior secured note due 2030 at 7.75%, marking the largest debt issuance in Bitcoin mining history, with proceeds aimed at funding AI and high-performance computing expansion [3] - BitFarms has successfully raised $588 million through an upsized convertible note, netting $568 million at a 1.375% coupon, indicating a trend towards structured debt for financing AI transitions [4][5] Group 2: Industry Trends - Data-center operators are increasingly utilizing repurposed aircraft jet engines to meet the rising power demands of AI workloads, with each turbine capable of delivering up to 48 MW [6] - An "arms race" for generators and transformers is confirmed by industry executives, highlighting the strain on supply chains due to AI build-outs, with energy scarcity influencing valuations in digital infrastructure [7] Group 3: Company Initiatives - CleanSpark has appointed Jeffrey Thomas as Senior VP of AI Data Centers to lead its HPC expansion strategy, focusing on integrating AI workloads with Bitcoin mining [8]