迈向制度型开放：中国—东盟自贸区3.0升级版开启共同发展新篇章

Core Points - The signing of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 upgrade protocol marks a significant step in enhancing economic cooperation and addressing global economic challenges [1][2][3] - The protocol aims to transition cooperation from "factor flow-type openness" to "institutional-type openness," introducing high-level chapters on digital economy, green economy, and supply chain connectivity [1][2] - The agreement is expected to deepen regional supply chain cooperation and release new growth potential, contributing to both regional and global economic recovery [2][3] Economic Context - China has maintained its position as ASEAN's largest trading partner for 16 consecutive years, while ASEAN has been China's largest trading partner for 5 years [1] - In the first three quarters of 2025, China's total import and export value with ASEAN reached 5.57 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.6%, accounting for 16.6% of China's total foreign trade [2] - The protocol is seen as a response to rising protectionism and global economic uncertainties, aiming to enhance collective bargaining power and resilience in supply chains [3] Strategic Implications - The upgrade protocol is viewed as a necessary step to build a more resilient and inclusive regional economic community, addressing internal barriers such as market access restrictions and high transaction costs [3] - It represents an innovative model of South-South regional economic cooperation, emphasizing mutual benefits and sustainable development [3] - The framework established by the protocol aims to enhance the voice of developing countries in global governance and promote equitable development [3]