社评：中欧真的存在一场“稀土危机”吗？

Core Viewpoint - The upcoming talks between China and the EU in Brussels regarding rare earths are framed against a backdrop of exaggerated fears of a "rare earth supply crisis" and geopolitical tensions, with China being the largest producer and exporter of rare earths, supporting the EU's digital and green transformation goals [1][2]. Group 1: China-EU Rare Earth Cooperation - China is the world's largest producer and exporter of rare earths, which reflects the natural outcome of economic globalization and the complementary economic relationship between China and the EU [1]. - The EU has benefited significantly from China's rare earth exports, which have supported its economic competitiveness and security [1]. Group 2: Export Control Policies - China's export control policies for rare earths are seen as a necessary step for the long-term stability of the supply chain and align with global green development trends [2]. - China has communicated its export control measures responsibly, establishing a "green channel" for European companies, with over 60% of EU firms expected to obtain export licenses through this channel by mid-2025 [2]. Group 3: European Concerns and Misconceptions - The anxiety expressed by some European officials regarding rare earths is fundamentally a cognitive issue, reflecting a misunderstanding of the nature of dependence on China [3]. - The real challenge for Europe lies in overcoming geopolitical biases and returning to a rational and pragmatic policy towards China, rather than succumbing to external pressures [3]. Group 4: Strategic Implications - The notion of using "economic weapons" against China may not align with European interests and could undermine the stability of the supply chain [3]. - Establishing a legally viable and reciprocal arrangement for export controls is essential for maintaining stability in the China-EU supply chain, which could also send positive signals to the international community [3].