申兵：加快完善要素市场化配置体制机制

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of improving the market-oriented allocation of factors as an inherent requirement for building a high-standard market system and accelerating the improvement of the socialist market economy system [1][4]. Group 1: Achievements in Factor Market Reform - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, significant progress has been made in the reform of factor market allocation, with an increasingly improved institutional framework [2]. - The institutional framework for market-oriented allocation of factors has been established, focusing on five key areas: land, labor, capital, technology, and data [2]. - Specific policy measures have been proposed to enhance the role of data as a factor, including 20 policy initiatives related to data property rights, circulation, revenue distribution, and governance [2][3]. Group 2: Accelerated Progress in Factor Market Allocation - The nationwide unified secondary market for construction land use rights is continuously improving, and the reform of rural collective operating construction land is progressing steadily [3]. - The reform of the household registration system is deepening, allowing more agricultural migrants to settle in urban areas, thereby enhancing the role of the labor market in talent mobility [3]. - The government has approved comprehensive reform pilot programs in ten regions to further demonstrate and accumulate experience in factor market allocation [3]. Group 3: Importance of Efficient Resource Allocation - The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is crucial for achieving socialist modernization, necessitating a robust factor guarantee system to support economic quality and reasonable growth [4]. - The article highlights the need to enhance the efficiency of factor allocation to adapt to the changing internal and external environments, emphasizing the importance of a market-oriented system [4][5]. - Improving the market-oriented allocation of factors is essential for leveraging China's large-scale market advantages and enhancing economic resilience against external shocks [4]. Group 4: Breaking Down Barriers to Factor Mobility - The article calls for deeper economic system reforms to eliminate barriers to the free flow and efficient allocation of factors, focusing on traditional factors like land, labor, and capital [7]. - It emphasizes the need to innovate land supply methods and optimize urban land use to meet the requirements of modern industrial development [7]. - For new factors like technology and data, it is crucial to improve pricing and trading mechanisms to facilitate efficient conversion and application of technological achievements [7][8]. Group 5: Enhancing Overall Efficiency of Factor Allocation - The article suggests promoting innovative configurations of production factors and optimizing their combinations to reduce costs associated with technological innovation and green transformation [8]. - It advocates for the integration of various factors such as talent, capital, technology, and data to foster new industries and business models [8]. - The use of big data and artificial intelligence is recommended to build evaluation systems and improve assessment standards for the effectiveness of factor market reform pilot programs [8].