为预防宫颈癌筑起第一道防线——国家疾控局有关工作负责人和专家谈HPV疫苗纳入国家免疫规划

Core Viewpoint - The inclusion of the HPV vaccine in the national immunization program aims to prevent cervical cancer, which has seen rising incidence and mortality rates in China, particularly among younger populations [2][3]. Group 1: HPV Vaccine Inclusion - The HPV vaccine is recognized as the most economical and effective long-term intervention to reduce the risk of cervical cancer, with the potential to prevent over 70% of cases [2]. - The decision to include the HPV vaccine in the national immunization program is intended to reduce disparities in vaccination rates across different regions and income groups, ensuring equitable access to preventive services [2]. Group 2: Target Population - The target population for the free HPV vaccination is girls aged 13 years and older, specifically those born after November 10, 2011, to maximize the vaccine's protective effects before the onset of sexual activity [3]. - Research indicates that girls aged 9 to 14 years produce more than double the antibody levels compared to those over 15, providing longer-lasting protection [3]. Group 3: Vaccination Procedure - The vaccination process involves administering two doses of the bivalent HPV vaccine, with the second dose given six months after the first, and it is crucial that the interval does not exceed one year [4]. - The HPV vaccine can be administered simultaneously with other vaccines without compromising efficacy or increasing safety risks, provided different injection sites and syringes are used [4]. Group 4: Precautions and Additional Measures - For minors receiving the HPV vaccine, parental or guardian accompaniment is required, along with necessary documentation such as identification and consent forms [5]. - Post-vaccination, individuals should observe the injection site for 30 minutes to monitor for any adverse reactions [5]. - In addition to vaccination, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and regular cervical cancer screenings are essential for effective prevention and control of cervical cancer [6].