揭秘资金盘生态圈：海外操盘手搭台、境内“团队长”唱戏、散户成了接盘侠

Core Insights - Investment schemes that appear too good to be true often lack a clear understanding of their value source and business model, indicating they may be fraudulent operations [1][2] - In October alone, 200 fraudulent investment schemes were warned about, representing only a fraction of the total [1] Types of Schemes - The article categorizes investment scams into ten types, including online shopping, investment and financial management, entrepreneurship, tourism, education, charity, intermediary platforms, franchise models, sales rewards, and stock fund investments [2] - Common tactics used by these schemes include promises of guaranteed returns, high rebates, government support, and insider information, targeting inexperienced investors seeking quick profits [2] Operational Mechanisms - Investment schemes often rely on a pyramid structure, where new investors' funds are used to pay returns to earlier investors, leading to inevitable collapse when new investments slow down [2] - The flow of funds has become increasingly concealed and cross-border, utilizing methods like QR code transfers and cryptocurrencies, making it difficult to trace [3] Ecosystem of Scams - The ecosystem of these schemes consists of "operators" at the top, who design the framework and rules, often hiding abroad, while "team leaders" operate within the country to recruit new investors [4] - Team leaders play a crucial role in promoting new schemes and often have extensive experience in the field, acting as both investors and recruiters [5] Recruitment and Exit Strategies - Team leaders use social media to recruit participants, offering guarantees and support to entice new investors, but they often exit before the scheme collapses, leaving latecomers to bear the losses [5] - Some team leaders have been known to receive warnings about the risks of certain schemes and preemptively withdraw their teams [5] Legal and Ethical Considerations - Individuals involved in these schemes, particularly team leaders, may be considered as co-conspirators and should face legal consequences for their roles in perpetuating fraud [6] - The article emphasizes the need for regulatory bodies to not only target the schemes themselves but also to hold team leaders accountable for their involvement [6]