城市在行动 建筑用能全面电气化还有多远？

Core Insights - The electrification rate in China's buildings is projected to reach approximately 55.3% by 2024, reflecting a 1.8 percentage point increase from the previous year, driven by precise planning in energy efficiency [1] - The new Beijing Public Building Energy Efficiency Design Standard emphasizes all-electric design as a key method to reduce direct carbon emissions, marking a significant shift in building energy policies [1][6] - The electrification of building energy use is recognized as a critical pathway for achieving green and low-carbon development in the construction sector, with the government setting clear targets for renewable energy adoption and electrification [3][4] Electrification Rate and Projections - China's overall electrification rate is expected to reach 28.8% in 2024, surpassing that of major developed economies in Europe and the U.S., with a target of around 35% by 2030 [1] - The building sector's electrification is anticipated to grow rapidly, with specific targets set for renewable energy replacement rates and electricity consumption in buildings by 2025 and 2030 [4] Policy and Standards - The revised Beijing Public Building Energy Efficiency Design Standard, effective from January 1, 2023, includes increased requirements for electrification in public buildings, highlighting the importance of all-electric design [1][6] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" marks the beginning of a national push for building electrification, with specific policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions and promoting energy efficiency [3] Challenges and Opportunities - The transition to building electrification presents several challenges, including the need for significant upgrades to the power distribution network, enhanced peak load management capabilities, and improved green electricity consumption [10][11] - The electrification of heating and cooking systems is identified as a priority area, with substantial market demand for all-electric kitchen solutions in public buildings [7][8] Future Strategies - A phased approach to building electrification is proposed, focusing initially on commercial kitchens and gradually expanding to residential and complex heating systems by 2050 [9][10] - The anticipated increase in electricity demand due to building electrification is projected to reach 1,173 billion kilowatt-hours, necessitating strategic planning for power supply and distribution [10]