迈向“十五五”：中国经济如何实现质量与速度的双重跃升？

Core Insights - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session has outlined the direction for China's future development, emphasizing "high-quality development" as the core theme for the 15th Five-Year Plan, aiming for "qualitative effective improvement" and "reasonable quantitative growth" [1] Group 1: Transformation Core - The essence of China's economic transformation is a long marathon of market-oriented reforms that challenge and break through existing systemic barriers [2] - The current dilemma in the digital economy reflects a coexistence of arbitrary administrative intervention and a lack of institutional rules, necessitating continuous market-oriented reforms to replace policy arbitrariness with stable and transparent institutional certainty [2] Group 2: Growth Momentum - Sustainable growth must derive from "institutional dividends" rather than "policy dividends," focusing on enhancing fundamental institutional environments like property rights protection and fair competition to stimulate endogenous innovation [3] - The old approach of relying heavily on policy support while neglecting institutional guarantees has hindered innovation, indicating a need for deeper institutional reforms to allow market mechanisms to play a decisive role in resource allocation [3] Group 3: Development Goals - High-quality development is not merely about slowing down growth but involves a unified improvement of efficiency and fairness, requiring the dismantling of administrative dominance over resource allocation [4] - The focus should be on "opportunity fairness" and "result adjustment," ensuring that the benefits of reform and development are equitably shared among all citizens [4] Group 4: Open Wisdom - In the face of global challenges, true autonomy requires strengthening competitiveness through open competition, which involves aligning with international high-standard economic and trade rules to drive domestic institutional reforms [5] - Ensuring the security of industrial and supply chains relies on occupying an irreplaceable position in global division of labor, which necessitates institutional innovation to attract global talent, technology, and capital [6] Group 5: Roadmap for the 15th Five-Year Plan - Achieving "qualitative effective improvement" and "reasonable quantitative growth" requires a systematic support framework, focusing on technological self-reliance and breakthroughs in strategic fields like artificial intelligence and biomanufacturing [6] - Expanding domestic demand and deepening income distribution reforms are essential to stimulate consumer potential, while maintaining a stable macroeconomic policy to ensure economic operation within a reasonable range [6]