东西问丨方德万：正视历史复杂性，以学术交流促和平

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of recognizing the complex history of World War II and promoting peace through academic exchanges, particularly focusing on China's significant role in the anti-fascist struggle during the war [3][4][6]. Group 1: Historical Significance - The international academic community is reassessing China's historical position in World War II, recognizing it as a key battleground in the global anti-fascist war [4]. - China's early contributions to the Allies during World War II were crucial, as it not only resisted Japanese aggression but also symbolized the nationalist movements across Asia [4]. Group 2: Research Methodology - The need to "break through national narratives and embrace a global perspective" in the study of World War II is highlighted, with a call for a more interconnected understanding of the war rather than a singular national focus [6]. - The article notes that while interest in World War II has declined in Europe, China's focus on this historical period remains strong [6]. Group 3: Academic Exchange and Peace - The role of universities as bridges for academic exchange is emphasized, with examples from Peking University and Cambridge University promoting cross-institutional research on World War II [6]. - The article advocates for collaborative historical research between scholars from Taiwan and mainland China, suggesting that shared historical memory is more meaningful than political rhetoric [8]. Group 4: Future Perspectives - The complexities of the future Pacific order are discussed, indicating that issues cannot be simplified to the Taiwan question alone, and a broader historical perspective is necessary [8]. - The article concludes that China's historical sacrifices during the anti-Japanese war contribute to its "peace above all" philosophy, which is rooted in a deep historical context [8].