《伯里克利与雅典伟业的铸就》：雅典政治的诞生

Group 1 - The article discusses the political rise of Pericles in ancient Athens, highlighting his strategic timing in entering politics after the exit of prominent leaders like Themistocles and Aristides [2] - It emphasizes the absence of political parties in ancient Athens, where political dynamics revolved around prominent figures and their supporter groups, necessitating strong rhetorical skills for political engagement [2] - The article outlines the significance of the Athenian Assembly, which consisted of around 6,000 citizens, as the core of political activity in Athens [2] Group 2 - The article describes the leadership qualities of Cimon during the Persian invasion, showcasing his ability to navigate the crisis and his preference for land forces, contrasting with Themistocles' naval strategy [3][4] - It notes the social and political implications of military service in ancient Greece, particularly how the composition of military forces influenced political structures, with heavy infantry favoring oligarchy and naval forces supporting democracy [3] - Cimon's wealth and status as a cavalryman positioned him within the elite, yet he recognized the necessity of a naval battle for Athens' survival, symbolized by his act of dedicating his horse's reins to Athena [4] Group 3 - The article highlights Cimon's role in establishing inter-city relationships post-Persian Wars, emphasizing the ongoing threat from Persia and the need for Greek unity against potential invasions [5] - It discusses the shift in leadership from Sparta to Athens in the Greek alliance against Persia, driven by the Spartans' neglect of broader Greek interests and the Athenian leaders' diplomatic approach [5] - The formation of a new alliance among the remaining Greek city-states in 478-477 BC is noted, with Athens' leadership being clearly established within this permanent defensive coalition [5]